anticipationAnticipation
Tune anticipation, follow-through, and deformation to understand physical feedback.
Preview
A brief preparatory movement establishes direction and energy before the primary action.
FullReduced
FullReduced
Preview
Implement Anticipation: Tune anticipation, follow-through, and deformation to understand physical feedback. Use Demo duration 520ms, Distance 32px, Anticipation 18%, Follow-through 12%, Easing snap. Trigger it once when state changes and keep it replayable. Use semantic HTML, scope CSS to .motion-demo--anticipation. Provide equivalent low-motion behavior for prefers-reduced-motion and .force-reduced-motion.
<div class="motion-demo motion-demo--anticipation" data-motion="anticipation" aria-label="Anticipation demo">
<article class="motion-surface">
<strong>Anticipation</strong>
<span class="motion-line"></span>
<span class="motion-line"></span>
</article>
</div>.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
display: grid;
place-items: center;
width: min(100%, 34rem);
min-height: 15rem;
padding: 2rem;
overflow: hidden;
color: #18181b;
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
isolation: isolate;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-surface {
position: relative;
display: grid;
gap: 0.65rem;
width: min(100%, 18rem);
padding: 1.25rem;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
box-shadow: none;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-surface strong { font-weight: 500; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-line {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 0.5rem;
background: #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 999px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-line:last-child { width: 62%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-button {
position: relative;
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
color: white;
font: inherit;
font-weight: 700;
background: #18181b;
border: 0;
border-radius: 999px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%); outline-offset: 3px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-action-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.85rem;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-replay-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-pausable-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation button.motion-surface {
color: inherit;
font: inherit;
text-align: start;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-replay-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-undo-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-dismiss-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-pause-button {
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
color: #18181b;
font: 650 0.78rem/1 ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #d4d4d8;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-replay-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-undo-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-dismiss-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-pause-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-reorder-item]:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-swipe-target]:focus-visible {
outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%);
outline-offset: 3px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-status {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-ripple-ink {
position: absolute;
width: 12px;
height: 12px;
pointer-events: none;
background: rgb(255 255 255 / 72%);
border-radius: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0.95);
opacity: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 1rem; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-state--to { background: #18181b; color: white; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-scroll-track > span { color: #71717a; font: 600 0.72rem/1.2 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-orbit-item { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; color: white; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-text-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); min-height: 4rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation svg { width: min(100%, 20rem); height: auto; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-surface { animation: motion-anticipation 520ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) both; }
@keyframes motion-anticipation { 0% { transform: none; } 18% { transform: translateX(-6px) scaleX(0.955); } 72% { transform: translateX(32px) scaleX(1.040); } 88% { transform: translateX(28px); } 100% { transform: translateX(32px); } }
@keyframes motion-anticipation-reduced-fade {
from { opacity: 0.84; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation {
animation: motion-anticipation-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::before,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-button,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-reorder-item],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-swipe-target],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation {
animation: motion-anticipation-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-reorder-item],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-swipe-target],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--anticipation .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
}Learn more
Terms and distinctions
anticipationAnticipation
预备动作English definition
A brief preparatory movement establishes direction and energy before the primary action.
Chinese translation
动作开始前先向相反方向进行一小段蓄力，用来预示即将发生的运动。
follow-throughFollow-through
跟随动作English definition
Secondary parts continue and settle after the main body reaches its destination, reinforcing weight and flexibility.
Chinese translation
主运动停止后，元素的部分结构继续移动并稍后稳定，从而增加重量感。
Distinction
Follow-through happens after the main motion stops; Anticipation happens before the main motion starts.
squash-and-stretchSquash & stretch
挤压与拉伸English definition
Temporary deformation links shape to force, speed, or impact while preserving recognizable volume.
Chinese translation
在元素运动时改变其形状，用来表现重量、速度和弹性。
Distinction
Squash & stretch uses deformation to express weight and flexibility; Anticipation uses an opposite wind-up to preview motion.
Before implementation
- Purpose
- Use opposite-direction anticipation, follow-through settling, and measured deformation to express direction, weight, and flexibility.
- Frequency
- Use for low-frequency object motion with physical meaning, compressing anticipation heavily for frequent UI feedback.
- Trigger
- Trigger from user-initiated movement, throwing, or state changes, with anticipation opposite the main travel.
- Enter / exit
- Wind up briefly before the main travel and settle with one decaying follow-through phase.
- Interruptibility
- Cancel remaining phases on interruption and retarget from current position and velocity.
- Gesture and keyboard
- Let gesture velocity influence main travel without delaying response, using a fixed brief anticipation for keyboard triggers.
- Reduced-motion strategy
- Remove wind-up, overshoot, and deformation, moving directly to the stable target or using a short fade.
Accessibility
Reduced motion
Remove wind-up, overshoot, and deformation, moving directly to the stable target or using a short fade.
Parameter reference
| Parameter | Range / options | Default | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
duration | 300ms–1200ms | 520ms | Uses a longer demo duration so the full change stays observable; immediate production UI feedback should stay under 300ms. |
distance | 0px–80px | 32px | Controls how far the element travels. |
anticipation | 0%–40% | 18% | Adjusts anticipation. |
followThrough | 0%–30% | 12% | Adjusts follow-through. |
ease | Soft / Snap / Calm / Linear | Snap | Controls how velocity changes over time. |
Pre-delivery review
- Review Anticipation, Follow-through, and Squash & stretch as distinct concepts.
- Limit deformation so text and icons remain recognizable.