crossfadeCrossfade
Crossfade overlapping, similarly sized states to reduce visual jumps.
Preview
Two overlapping states exchange opacity over the same interval, handing visual focus from one to the other.
Implement Crossfade: Crossfade overlapping, similarly sized states to reduce visual jumps. Use Duration 200ms, Overlap 50%, Easing calm. Trigger it once when state changes and keep it replayable. Use semantic HTML, scope CSS to .motion-demo--crossfade, and mount the provided vanilla JavaScript interaction runtime. Provide equivalent low-motion behavior for prefers-reduced-motion and .force-reduced-motion.
<div class="motion-demo motion-demo--crossfade" data-motion="crossfade" aria-label="Crossfade demo">
<div class="motion-replay-scene">
<div class="motion-state-stack"><article class="motion-state motion-state--from">Previous</article><article class="motion-state motion-state--to">Crossfade</article></div>
<div class="motion-action-row"><button class="motion-replay-button" type="button" data-motion-replay>Replay motion</button></div>
</div>
</div>.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
display: grid;
place-items: center;
width: min(100%, 34rem);
min-height: 15rem;
padding: 2rem;
overflow: hidden;
color: #18181b;
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
isolation: isolate;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-surface {
position: relative;
display: grid;
gap: 0.65rem;
width: min(100%, 18rem);
padding: 1.25rem;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
box-shadow: none;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-surface strong { font-weight: 500; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-line {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 0.5rem;
background: #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 999px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-line:last-child { width: 62%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-button {
position: relative;
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
color: white;
font: inherit;
font-weight: 700;
background: #18181b;
border: 0;
border-radius: 999px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%); outline-offset: 3px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-action-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.85rem;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-replay-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-pausable-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade button.motion-surface {
color: inherit;
font: inherit;
text-align: start;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-replay-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-undo-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-dismiss-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-pause-button {
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
color: #18181b;
font: 650 0.78rem/1 ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #d4d4d8;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-replay-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-undo-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-dismiss-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-pause-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-reorder-item]:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-swipe-target]:focus-visible {
outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%);
outline-offset: 3px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-status {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-ripple-ink {
position: absolute;
width: 12px;
height: 12px;
pointer-events: none;
background: rgb(255 255 255 / 72%);
border-radius: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0.95);
opacity: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 1rem; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state--to { background: #18181b; color: white; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-scroll-track > span { color: #71717a; font: 600 0.72rem/1.2 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-orbit-item { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; color: white; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-text-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); min-height: 4rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade svg { width: min(100%, 20rem); height: auto; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state--from { animation: motion-crossfade-out 200ms linear both; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-state--to { animation: motion-crossfade-in 200ms linear 100ms both; }
@keyframes motion-crossfade-out { to { opacity: 0; } }
@keyframes motion-crossfade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }
@keyframes motion-crossfade-reduced-fade {
from { opacity: 0.84; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade {
animation: motion-crossfade-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::before,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-button,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-reorder-item],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-swipe-target],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade {
animation: motion-crossfade-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-reorder-item],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-swipe-target],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--crossfade .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
}(() => {
const config = {
"id": "crossfade",
"duration": 200,
"distance": 72,
"resistance": 65,
"position": 50,
"stiffness": 220,
"damping": 24,
"mass": 1,
"velocity": 0,
"rippleSize": 220,
"rippleOpacity": 24,
"dragScale": 103,
"autoplay": false
};
const mount = (root, config) => {
const cleanups = [];
const addCleanup = (callback) => cleanups.push(callback);
const cleanup = () => {
for (let index = cleanups.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
try { cleanups[index](); } catch { /* keep cleanup reentrant */ }
}
cleanups.length = 0;
};
const on = (target, type, listener, options) => {
target.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
addCleanup(() => target.removeEventListener(type, listener, options));
};
const reduced = () => root.closest(".force-reduced-motion") !== null ||
window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
const watchReduced = (callback) => {
const media = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)");
const notify = () => callback(reduced());
media.addEventListener("change", notify);
const observer = typeof MutationObserver === "undefined" ? null : new MutationObserver(notify);
let ancestor = root;
while (observer && ancestor) {
observer.observe(ancestor, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ["class"] });
ancestor = ancestor.parentElement;
}
addCleanup(() => {
media.removeEventListener("change", notify);
if (observer) observer.disconnect();
});
};
const replay = root.querySelector("[data-motion-replay]");
if (!replay) return cleanup;
const restart = () => {
root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
animation.cancel();
animation.currentTime = 0;
animation.play();
});
};
addCleanup(() => root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
if (animation.playState === "paused") animation.play();
}));
on(replay, "click", restart);
return cleanup;
};
document.querySelectorAll("[data-motion=\"crossfade\"]").forEach((root) => {
const cleanupKey = "__motionLexiconCleanup";
if (typeof root[cleanupKey] === "function") root[cleanupKey]();
root[cleanupKey] = mount(root, config);
});
})();Learn more
Terms and distinctions
crossfadeCrossfade
交叉淡入淡出Two overlapping states exchange opacity over the same interval, handing visual focus from one to the other.
一个元素淡出的同时,另一个元素在同一位置淡入。
Before implementation
- Purpose
- Switch similarly sized states in the same location while reducing abrupt replacement.
- Frequency
- Use for medium- to high-frequency labels, icons, and media states; shorten overlap during continuous input.
- Trigger
- Trigger from selection, content version, or media-state changes, with both states sharing one layout slot.
- Enter / exit
- Partially overlap old-state fade-out and new-state fade-in, removing the old element after it is hidden.
- Interruptibility
- On rapid changes, continue from the current blend ratio and retain only the latest target.
- Gesture and keyboard
- No gesture is required; slider-driven comparison uses Before / after slider.
- Reduced-motion strategy
- Shorten to 80–120ms or switch immediately while preserving stable dimensions.
Accessibility
Shorten to 80–120ms or switch immediately while preserving stable dimensions.
Parameter reference
| Parameter | Range / options | Default | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
duration | 80ms–1200ms | 200ms | Controls the time required for one motion cycle. |
overlap | 0%–100% | 50% | Adjusts overlap. |
ease | Soft / Snap / Calm / Linear | Calm | Controls how velocity changes over time. |
Pre-delivery review
- Prevent overlapping text from being announced twice by assistive technology.
- Keep both states from changing the shared container size.