3d-tilt-flip

3D 倾斜 / 翻转

用受控透视和旋转展示卡片正反面或悬停深度。

预览

在三维空间中通过 rotateX 或 rotateY 旋转，增加纵深感。

正面

背面

实现「3D 倾斜 / 翻转」：用受控透视和旋转展示卡片正反面或悬停深度。参数设为时长 280ms、翻转角度 180deg、透视距离 800px、曲线 soft。在状态发生变化时触发一次，并允许重新播放。使用语义化 HTML，CSS 作用域限定在 .motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip，并挂载随组件提供的原生 JavaScript 交互运行时。为 prefers-reduced-motion 和 .force-reduced-motion 提供等价的低动态方案。

markup.html

<div class="motion-demo motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip" data-motion="3d-tilt-flip" aria-label="3D 倾斜 / 翻转 示例">
  <div class="motion-replay-scene">
    <div class="motion-flip"><article class="motion-face motion-face--front">正面</article><article class="motion-face motion-face--back">背面</article></div>
    <div class="motion-action-row"><button class="motion-replay-button" type="button" data-motion-replay>重播动效</button></div>
  </div>
</div>

motion.css

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: min(100%, 34rem);
  min-height: 15rem;
  padding: 2rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: #18181b;
  background: #fafafa;
  border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
  border-radius: 16px;
  isolation: isolate;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-surface {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  width: min(100%, 18rem);
  padding: 1.25rem;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-surface strong { font-weight: 500; }

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-line {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 0.5rem;
  background: #e4e4e7;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-line:last-child { width: 62%; }

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-button {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 2.75rem;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
  color: white;
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 700;
  background: #18181b;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%); outline-offset: 3px; }

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-action-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-top: 0.85rem;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-replay-scene {
  width: min(100%, 22rem);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-pausable-scene {
  width: min(100%, 22rem);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip button.motion-surface {
  color: inherit;
  font: inherit;
  text-align: start;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-replay-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-undo-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-dismiss-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-pause-button {
  min-height: 2.75rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
  color: #18181b;
  font: 650 0.78rem/1 ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #d4d4d8;
  border-radius: 8px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-replay-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-undo-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-dismiss-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-pause-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-reorder-item]:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-swipe-target]:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-status {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-ripple-ink {
  position: absolute;
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: rgb(255 255 255 / 72%);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0.95);
  opacity: 0;
}

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 1rem; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-state--to { background: #18181b; color: white; }

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-scroll-track > span { color: #71717a; font: 600 0.72rem/1.2 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-orbit-item { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; color: white; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-text-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); min-height: 4rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip svg { width: min(100%, 20rem); height: auto; }

.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip { perspective: 800px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-flip { position: relative; width: 14rem; height: 9rem; transform-style: preserve-3d; animation: motion-3d-tilt-flip 280ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-face { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; backface-visibility: hidden; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-face--back { transform: rotateY(180deg); background: #18181b; color: white; }
@keyframes motion-3d-tilt-flip { from { transform: rotateY(0); } to { transform: rotateY(180deg); } }

@keyframes motion-3d-tilt-flip-reduced-fade {
  from { opacity: 0.84; }
  to { opacity: 1; }
}

.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip {
  animation: motion-3d-tilt-flip-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}

.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::before,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::after {
  animation: none !important;
  animation-delay: 0ms !important;
  animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
  transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
  transition-duration: 160ms !important;
  transition-delay: 0ms !important;
  scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}

.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-button,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-reorder-item],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-swipe-target],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-spring-target] {
  transform: none !important;
}

.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip {
    animation: motion-3d-tilt-flip-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
  }

  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip *::after {
    animation: none !important;
    animation-delay: 0ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
    transition-duration: 160ms !important;
    transition-delay: 0ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }

  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-button,
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-reorder-item],
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-swipe-target],
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip [data-spring-target] {
    transform: none !important;
  }

  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
  .motion-demo.motion-demo--3d-tilt-flip .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
}

motion.js

(() => {
  const config = {
  "id": "3d-tilt-flip",
  "duration": 280,
  "distance": 72,
  "resistance": 65,
  "position": 50,
  "stiffness": 220,
  "damping": 24,
  "mass": 1,
  "velocity": 0,
  "rippleSize": 220,
  "rippleOpacity": 24,
  "dragScale": 103,
  "autoplay": false
};
  const mount = (root, config) => {

    const cleanups = [];
    const addCleanup = (callback) => cleanups.push(callback);
    const cleanup = () => {
      for (let index = cleanups.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
        try { cleanups[index](); } catch { /* keep cleanup reentrant */ }
      }
      cleanups.length = 0;
    };
    const on = (target, type, listener, options) => {
      target.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
      addCleanup(() => target.removeEventListener(type, listener, options));
    };
    const reduced = () => root.closest(".force-reduced-motion") !== null ||
      window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
    const watchReduced = (callback) => {
      const media = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)");
      const notify = () => callback(reduced());
      media.addEventListener("change", notify);
      const observer = typeof MutationObserver === "undefined" ? null : new MutationObserver(notify);
      let ancestor = root;
      while (observer && ancestor) {
        observer.observe(ancestor, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ["class"] });
        ancestor = ancestor.parentElement;
      }
      addCleanup(() => {
        media.removeEventListener("change", notify);
        if (observer) observer.disconnect();
      });
    };

    const replay = root.querySelector("[data-motion-replay]");
    if (!replay) return cleanup;
    const restart = () => {
      root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
        animation.cancel();
        animation.currentTime = 0;
        animation.play();
      });
    };
    addCleanup(() => root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
      if (animation.playState === "paused") animation.play();
    }));
    on(replay, "click", restart);
    return cleanup;
  };
  document.querySelectorAll("[data-motion=\"3d-tilt-flip\"]").forEach((root) => {
    const cleanupKey = "__motionLexiconCleanup";
    if (typeof root[cleanupKey] === "function") root[cleanupKey]();
    root[cleanupKey] = mount(root, config);
  });
})();

深入了解

实现前检查

目的: 用受控透视展示卡片正反面或指针悬停产生的轻微深度。
频率: 适合低频探索和重点卡片；高密度列表避免每张卡持续倾斜。
触发: 由明确翻面操作或精细指针悬停触发，触摸设备使用点击切换。
进入 / 离开: 翻面过程中在 90° 附近切换可见面，退出时沿最短角度返回。
可打断性: 再次操作时从当前旋转角度改向，并保持正反面可见性同步。
手势与键盘: 指针倾斜限制最大角度并在离开时归中；键盘只触发离散翻面。
减弱动效策略: 使用即时正反面切换或短交叉淡化，关闭 3D 旋转和透视位移。

可访问性

减弱动效

使用即时正反面切换或短交叉淡化，关闭 3D 旋转和透视位移。

参数参考

参数	范围 / 选项	默认值	作用
`duration`	80ms–1200ms	280ms	控制一次动效完成所需的时间。
`angle`	45deg–180deg	180deg	调节翻转角度。
`perspective`	320px–1400px	800px	调节透视距离。
`ease`	柔和 / 清脆 / 平稳 / 匀速	柔和	控制速度随时间变化的方式。