easing缓动
EasingAn easing function maps linear timeline progress to a changing rate of property interpolation.
动画加速或减速的速率变化方式。
easing比较常用缓动曲线和自定义贝塞尔曲线的速度变化。
动画加速或减速的速率变化方式。
实现「缓动」:比较常用缓动曲线和自定义贝塞尔曲线的速度变化。 参数设为演示时长 520ms、位移 120px、曲线 ease-out。在状态发生变化时触发一次,并允许重新播放。使用语义化 HTML,CSS 作用域限定在 .motion-demo--easing,并挂载随组件提供的原生 JavaScript 交互运行时。为 prefers-reduced-motion 和 .force-reduced-motion 提供等价的低动态方案。
<div class="motion-demo motion-demo--easing" data-motion="easing" aria-label="缓动 示例">
<div class="motion-pausable-scene">
<div class="motion-dot" role="img" aria-label="缓动"></div>
<div class="motion-action-row"><button class="motion-pause-button" type="button" data-motion-pause data-pause-label="暂停动效" data-resume-label="继续动效" aria-pressed="false" aria-disabled="true" disabled><span data-motion-pause-label>暂停动效</span></button></div>
</div>
</div>.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
display: grid;
place-items: center;
width: min(100%, 34rem);
min-height: 15rem;
padding: 2rem;
overflow: hidden;
color: #18181b;
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
isolation: isolate;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-surface {
position: relative;
display: grid;
gap: 0.65rem;
width: min(100%, 18rem);
padding: 1.25rem;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
box-shadow: none;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-surface strong { font-weight: 500; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-line {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 0.5rem;
background: #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 999px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-line:last-child { width: 62%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-button {
position: relative;
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
color: white;
font: inherit;
font-weight: 700;
background: #18181b;
border: 0;
border-radius: 999px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%); outline-offset: 3px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-action-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.85rem;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-replay-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-pausable-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing button.motion-surface {
color: inherit;
font: inherit;
text-align: start;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-replay-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-undo-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-dismiss-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-pause-button {
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
color: #18181b;
font: 650 0.78rem/1 ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #d4d4d8;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-replay-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-undo-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-dismiss-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-pause-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-reorder-item]:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-swipe-target]:focus-visible {
outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%);
outline-offset: 3px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-status {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-ripple-ink {
position: absolute;
width: 12px;
height: 12px;
pointer-events: none;
background: rgb(255 255 255 / 72%);
border-radius: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0.95);
opacity: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 1rem; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-state--to { background: #18181b; color: white; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-scroll-track > span { color: #71717a; font: 600 0.72rem/1.2 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-orbit-item { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; color: white; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-text-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); min-height: 4rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing svg { width: min(100%, 20rem); height: auto; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-dot { width: 2rem; height: 2rem; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; animation: motion-easing 520ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) infinite alternate; }
@keyframes motion-easing { from { transform: translateX(-60px); } to { transform: translateX(60px); } }
@keyframes motion-easing-reduced-fade {
from { opacity: 0.84; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing {
animation: motion-easing-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::before,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-button,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-reorder-item],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-swipe-target],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing {
animation: motion-easing-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--easing *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-reorder-item],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-swipe-target],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--easing .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
}(() => {
const config = {
"id": "easing",
"duration": 520,
"distance": 120,
"resistance": 65,
"position": 50,
"stiffness": 220,
"damping": 24,
"mass": 1,
"velocity": 0,
"rippleSize": 220,
"rippleOpacity": 24,
"dragScale": 103,
"autoplay": false
};
const mount = (root, config) => {
const cleanups = [];
const addCleanup = (callback) => cleanups.push(callback);
const cleanup = () => {
for (let index = cleanups.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
try { cleanups[index](); } catch { /* keep cleanup reentrant */ }
}
cleanups.length = 0;
};
const on = (target, type, listener, options) => {
target.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
addCleanup(() => target.removeEventListener(type, listener, options));
};
const reduced = () => root.closest(".force-reduced-motion") !== null ||
window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
const watchReduced = (callback) => {
const media = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)");
const notify = () => callback(reduced());
media.addEventListener("change", notify);
const observer = typeof MutationObserver === "undefined" ? null : new MutationObserver(notify);
let ancestor = root;
while (observer && ancestor) {
observer.observe(ancestor, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ["class"] });
ancestor = ancestor.parentElement;
}
addCleanup(() => {
media.removeEventListener("change", notify);
if (observer) observer.disconnect();
});
};
const button = root.querySelector("[data-motion-pause]");
const label = root.querySelector("[data-motion-pause-label]");
if (!button || !label) return cleanup;
button.disabled = false;
button.removeAttribute("aria-disabled");
let paused = false;
const toggle = () => {
paused = !paused;
root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => paused ? animation.pause() : animation.play());
button.setAttribute("aria-pressed", String(paused));
label.textContent = paused
? button.dataset.resumeLabel || "Resume motion"
: button.dataset.pauseLabel || "Pause motion";
root.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(paused ? "motion:pause" : "motion:resume", { bubbles: true }));
};
addCleanup(() => {
root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
if (animation.playState === "paused") animation.play();
});
paused = false;
button.setAttribute("aria-pressed", "false");
button.disabled = true;
button.setAttribute("aria-disabled", "true");
label.textContent = button.dataset.pauseLabel || "Pause motion";
});
on(button, "click", toggle);
return cleanup;
};
document.querySelectorAll("[data-motion=\"easing\"]").forEach((root) => {
const cleanupKey = "__motionLexiconCleanup";
if (typeof root[cleanupKey] === "function") root[cleanupKey]();
root[cleanupKey] = mount(root, config);
});
})();easingAn easing function maps linear timeline progress to a changing rate of property interpolation.
动画加速或减速的速率变化方式。
ease-outProgress advances quickly after activation and decelerates near completion, giving responsive UI motion a controlled arrival.
开始快、结束慢,适合作为大多数 UI 动效和用户响应动作的默认选择。
缓出是缓动的一种:开始快、结束慢,适合响应用户输入。
ease-inProgress accelerates from a gentle start toward a faster finish, fitting departures that should gather speed.
开始慢、结束快,通常应谨慎使用,因为容易显得迟缓。
缓入是缓动的一种:开始慢、结束快,容易让 UI 响应显得迟缓。
ease-in-outProgress accelerates through the middle and decelerates at both ends, supporting visible point-to-point travel.
速度由慢到快再到慢,适合屏幕上已有元素从 A 点移动到 B 点。
缓入缓出两端较慢、中段较快,适合屏幕上已有元素的位移。
linearTimeline progress and property progress remain proportional, producing a constant rate suitable for continuous indicators.
保持恒定速度,适合加载旋转器、跑马灯等持续运动。
线性缓动保持恒定速度,适合旋转器和跑马灯等连续运动。
cubic-bezierFour control points describe a cubic Bézier timing curve for custom acceleration and deceleration.
由开发者定义的自定义缓动曲线,用于精确控制速度变化。
三次贝塞尔是自定义缓动曲线的表达方式,可精确控制加速与减速。
asymmetric-easingDifferent acceleration and deceleration shapes give the entrance and arrival distinct timing characteristics.
加速与减速速率不同的曲线,通常比对称曲线更有生命力。
非对称缓动使用不同的加速与减速速率;它属于自定义缓动策略。
保留极短状态过渡,移除明显加速、减速和长距离运动。
| 参数 | 范围 / 选项 | 默认值 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|---|
duration | 300ms–1200ms | 520ms | 演示使用较长时长以便观察完整变化;生产界面的即时反馈应收敛到 300ms 内。 |
distance | 0px–240px | 120px | 控制元素移动的空间距离。 |
ease | 缓出 / 缓入 / 缓入缓出 / 匀速 / 自定义 / 非对称 / 柔和 / 清脆 / 平稳 | 缓出 | 控制速度随时间变化的方式。 |