idle-animationIdle animation
Use subtle breathing or floating motion for available, waiting, or active states.
Preview
Low-intensity ambient motion gives a waiting element activity without requiring input.
FullReduced
FullReduced
Preview
Implement Idle animation: Use subtle breathing or floating motion for available, waiting, or active states. Use Cycle duration 2200ms, Distance 8px, Idle style float, Pause 300ms. Keep continuous motion pausable and low-distraction. Use semantic HTML, scope CSS to .motion-demo--idle-animation, and mount the provided vanilla JavaScript interaction runtime. Provide equivalent low-motion behavior for prefers-reduced-motion and .force-reduced-motion.
<div class="motion-demo motion-demo--idle-animation" data-motion="idle-animation" aria-label="Idle animation demo">
<div class="motion-pausable-scene">
<article class="motion-surface">
<strong>Idle animation</strong>
<span class="motion-line"></span>
<span class="motion-line"></span>
</article>
<div class="motion-action-row"><button class="motion-pause-button" type="button" data-motion-pause data-pause-label="Pause motion" data-resume-label="Resume motion" aria-pressed="false" aria-disabled="true" disabled><span data-motion-pause-label>Pause motion</span></button></div>
</div>
</div>.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation {
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
display: grid;
place-items: center;
width: min(100%, 34rem);
min-height: 15rem;
padding: 2rem;
overflow: hidden;
color: #18181b;
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
isolation: isolate;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-surface {
position: relative;
display: grid;
gap: 0.65rem;
width: min(100%, 18rem);
padding: 1.25rem;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 16px;
box-shadow: none;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-surface strong { font-weight: 500; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-line {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: 0.5rem;
background: #e4e4e7;
border-radius: 999px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-line:last-child { width: 62%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-button {
position: relative;
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem;
color: white;
font: inherit;
font-weight: 700;
background: #18181b;
border: 0;
border-radius: 999px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%); outline-offset: 3px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-action-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.85rem;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-replay-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-pausable-scene {
width: min(100%, 22rem);
display: grid;
place-items: center;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation button.motion-surface {
color: inherit;
font: inherit;
text-align: start;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-replay-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-undo-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-dismiss-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-pause-button {
min-height: 2.75rem;
padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
color: #18181b;
font: 650 0.78rem/1 ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
background: #ffffff;
border: 1px solid #d4d4d8;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-replay-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-undo-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-dismiss-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-pause-button:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-reorder-item]:focus-visible,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-swipe-target]:focus-visible {
outline: 3px solid rgb(37 99 235 / 32%);
outline-offset: 3px;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-status {
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
padding: 0;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
white-space: nowrap;
border: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-ripple-ink {
position: absolute;
width: 12px;
height: 12px;
pointer-events: none;
background: rgb(255 255 255 / 72%);
border-radius: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0.95);
opacity: 0;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-state-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); height: 9rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-state { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; padding: 1rem; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e4e4e7; border-radius: 16px; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-state--to { background: #18181b; color: white; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-scroll-track > span { color: #71717a; font: 600 0.72rem/1.2 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-orbit-item { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; color: white; background: #2563eb; border-radius: 50%; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-text-stack { position: relative; width: min(100%, 18rem); min-height: 4rem; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation svg { width: min(100%, 20rem); height: auto; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-surface { animation: motion-idle-animation 2500ms cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1) infinite; }
@keyframes motion-idle-animation { 0%, 100% { opacity: 1; transform: none; } 50% { transform: translateY(-8px); } }
@keyframes motion-idle-animation-reduced-fade {
from { opacity: 0.84; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation {
animation: motion-idle-animation-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::before,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-button,
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-reorder-item],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-swipe-target],
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.force-reduced-motion .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation {
animation: motion-idle-animation-reduced-fade 160ms cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1) both !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *, .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::before, .motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation *::after {
animation: none !important;
animation-delay: 0ms !important;
animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
transition-property: opacity, color, background-color, border-color !important;
transition-duration: 160ms !important;
transition-delay: 0ms !important;
scroll-behavior: auto !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-button,
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-reorder-item],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-swipe-target],
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation [data-spring-target] {
transform: none !important;
}
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-path { stroke-dashoffset: 0 !important; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-word--from { opacity: 0 !important; visibility: hidden; }
.motion-demo.motion-demo--idle-animation .motion-word:not(.motion-word--from) { opacity: 1 !important; filter: none !important; transform: none !important; }
}(() => {
const config = {
"id": "idle-animation",
"duration": 2200,
"distance": 8,
"resistance": 65,
"position": 50,
"stiffness": 220,
"damping": 24,
"mass": 1,
"velocity": 0,
"rippleSize": 220,
"rippleOpacity": 24,
"dragScale": 103,
"autoplay": false
};
const mount = (root, config) => {
const cleanups = [];
const addCleanup = (callback) => cleanups.push(callback);
const cleanup = () => {
for (let index = cleanups.length - 1; index >= 0; index -= 1) {
try { cleanups[index](); } catch { /* keep cleanup reentrant */ }
}
cleanups.length = 0;
};
const on = (target, type, listener, options) => {
target.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
addCleanup(() => target.removeEventListener(type, listener, options));
};
const reduced = () => root.closest(".force-reduced-motion") !== null ||
window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
const watchReduced = (callback) => {
const media = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)");
const notify = () => callback(reduced());
media.addEventListener("change", notify);
const observer = typeof MutationObserver === "undefined" ? null : new MutationObserver(notify);
let ancestor = root;
while (observer && ancestor) {
observer.observe(ancestor, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ["class"] });
ancestor = ancestor.parentElement;
}
addCleanup(() => {
media.removeEventListener("change", notify);
if (observer) observer.disconnect();
});
};
const button = root.querySelector("[data-motion-pause]");
const label = root.querySelector("[data-motion-pause-label]");
if (!button || !label) return cleanup;
button.disabled = false;
button.removeAttribute("aria-disabled");
let paused = false;
const toggle = () => {
paused = !paused;
root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => paused ? animation.pause() : animation.play());
button.setAttribute("aria-pressed", String(paused));
label.textContent = paused
? button.dataset.resumeLabel || "Resume motion"
: button.dataset.pauseLabel || "Pause motion";
root.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(paused ? "motion:pause" : "motion:resume", { bubbles: true }));
};
addCleanup(() => {
root.getAnimations({ subtree: true }).forEach((animation) => {
if (animation.playState === "paused") animation.play();
});
paused = false;
button.setAttribute("aria-pressed", "false");
button.disabled = true;
button.setAttribute("aria-disabled", "true");
label.textContent = button.dataset.pauseLabel || "Pause motion";
});
on(button, "click", toggle);
return cleanup;
};
document.querySelectorAll("[data-motion=\"idle-animation\"]").forEach((root) => {
const cleanupKey = "__motionLexiconCleanup";
if (typeof root[cleanupKey] === "function") root[cleanupKey]();
root[cleanupKey] = mount(root, config);
});
})();Learn more
Terms and distinctions
idle-animationIdle animation
空闲动效English definition
Low-intensity ambient motion gives a waiting element activity without requiring input.
Chinese translation
元素静置并等待交互时播放的细微运动。
pulsePulse
脉冲English definition
A low-amplitude cycle of scale, opacity, or color periodically emphasizes an element.
Chinese translation
通过轻柔重复的缩放或透明度变化吸引注意。
Distinction
Pulse repeats scale or opacity changes to attract attention; Idle animation is the broader category that can include it.
floatFloat
漂浮English definition
A slow repeating translation produces a light hovering impression around a stable resting point.
Chinese translation
轻柔、持续的上下漂移，让静态元素显得有生命力且轻盈。
Distinction
Float uses continuous subtle vertical drift; Idle animation can also use pulse and other low-intensity motion.
Before implementation
- Purpose
- Use low-amplitude float or pulse motion to indicate availability, waiting, or activity.
- Frequency
- Appear only after a meaningful idle period and stop immediately when the user interacts.
- Trigger
- Trigger from an idle timer or ongoing state, pausing when hidden or offscreen.
- Enter / exit
- Ease into a low-amplitude loop and stop on the nearest neutral frame.
- Interruptibility
- Cancel on input and settle to a stable value without overlapping interaction feedback.
- Gesture and keyboard
- Idle motion carries no action; real controls keep explicit click, touch, and keyboard feedback.
- Reduced-motion strategy
- Disable automatic float and pulse motion and use a static status indicator.
Accessibility
Reduced motion
Disable automatic float and pulse motion and use a static status indicator.
Parameter reference
| Parameter | Range / options | Default | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
duration | 1000ms–6000ms | 2200ms | Controls the rhythm of one full cycle; continuous motion should stay pausable and low-distraction. |
distance | 0px–24px | 8px | Controls how far the element travels. |
style | Float / Pulse | Float | Selects idle style. |
pause | 0ms–1200ms | 300ms | Adjusts pause. |
Pre-delivery review
- Start only after the interface is genuinely idle.
- Limit amplitude and contrast to avoid persistent attention capture.